AMIETE – IT (OLD SCHEME)

 

Code: AT14                               Subject: IMAGE PROCESSING & COMPUTER GRAPHICS

Flowchart: Alternate Process: DECEMBER 2009Time: 3 Hours                                                                                                     Max. Marks: 100

 

 

NOTE: There are 9 Questions in all.

·      Question 1 is compulsory and carries 20 marks. Answer to Q.1 must be written in the space provided for it in the answer book supplied and nowhere else.

·      Out of the remaining EIGHT Questions answer any FIVE Questions. Each question carries 16 marks.

·      Any required data not explicitly given, may be suitably assumed and stated.

 

 

Q.1       Choose the correct or the best alternative in the following:                                  (210)

       

             a.  To express any two-dimensional transformation as a matrix multiplication, the Cartesian coordinate positions are represented using

 

                  (A) Polar coordinates                           (B) Argand coordinates

                  (C) Homogeneous coordinates              (D) Projective coordinates

 

             b.  Which of the algorithm for circle generation sets up decision parameters for finding the closest pixel to the circumference at each sampling step?

 

                  (A) Parallel curve algorithm                   (B) Bresenham algorithm

                  (C) DDA algorithm                               (D) Midpoint circle algorithm

 

             c.  Display region of a line in Cohen Sutherland algorithm has decimal value

 

(A) 15                                                  (B) 8

                  (C) 9                                                    (D) 10

 

d.    Projection transforms N dimensional features into ________ Dimensional features.

 

 

(A) N + 1                                           (B) N 

(C) N–1                                              (D) None of these

 

             e.  Isometric projection is a type of ________________ projections

.

 

                  (A)  Axonometric                                 (B) Parallel

                  (C)  Orthographic                                 (D) All of these

 

             f.   Which of the following is not true in context of Fractals?

 

                  (A)The name is coined by Mandelbrot 

                  (B) It is obtained by using linear transformation only.

                  (C) It can be obtained by using partially, linear partial, non linear                                        

                  (D) It is obtained by using non linear transformation also.

 

             g.  Regarding to the refresh process of an image in a raster terminal, say which of the following sentences is true:

 

            (A)  The required time to refresh an image depends on the complexity of the scene to   be rendered.

                                                                              (B)  The raster terminals do not require to refresh the image because it is stored

                                                                                     in its memory.

                  (C) The refresh memory (raster) stores the sequence of commands to redraw        completely the image.     

                  (D)   The refresh memory stores the value of each pixel; therefore the          refresh time is constant.

 

             h.  Which of the following processes is NOT part of the 2D rendering process?

 

                  (A) Clipping                                         (B) Raster conversion

                  (C) Projection                                      (D) Change of coordinate system

 

             i.   If the threshold T in a threshold technique for image segmentation depends on the grey value of the pixel and also some local property of that point, then it is

 

                  (A) Global thresholding                         (B) Adaptive thresholding

                  (C) Optimal thresholding                       (D) Local thresholding

 

             j.   Given an application that represents images with a resolution of r x c pixels, and M Kbytes of memory to store the raster, how many colors can be used simultaneously?

 

                  (A) n where  n = (M x 8 x 1024) / (r ´ c)                                                                          

                  (B) 2n where n = M / (r ´ c)

                  (C) 2n where n = (M x 8 x 1024) / (r ´ c)                                                                         

                  (D) 2n where n = (r ´ c) / M

 

 

Answer any FIVE Questions out of EIGHT Questions.

Each question carries 16 marks.

 

 

  Q.2     a.   Explain the steps involved in the DDA algorithm for scan-conversion of lines.                       (8)

 

             b.   Explain the functioning of optical mouse used as an input device.                         (8)

 

  Q.3     a.   Describe functions of digitizing tablets. How does puck work on the surface of the table?                (8)

 

             b.   Using Bresenhem line drawing algorithm find points on the line between (1, 3) and (5, 6). Show all steps.                                                               (8)

 

  Q.4     a.   Determine a sequence of basic transformations that are equivalent to the x-directions shear matrix and y-direction shear matrix.                          (8)

 

             b.   What is image enhancement? How spatial filter is used for the purpose?              (8)

 

  Q.5     a.   How FFT achieves efficiency over DFT?                                                            (8)

 

             b.   What is axonometric orthographic projection? Explain the term isometric, diametric and trimetric projection.                                                                                                                         (8)          

 

  Q.6     a.   Describe LZW coding with a suitable example.                                                   (8)

 

             b.   Derive transformation matrix for a point (x, y) that is first translated to     (a, b) and then scaled by the factor (m, n).                                                 (8)

 

  Q.7     a.   Explain the region splitting and merging technique in context of image processing. When is it used?                                                             (8)

 

b.      Describe the depth-buffer or the z-buffer method for detecting visible surfaces.                   (8)

 

  Q.8     a.   Explain Cohen Sutherland clipping algorithm and use it to clip a line between (-2, 1) to (5, 6) with respect to view port window of diagonal extend between (0, 0) and (4, 5).                                         (10)

 

             b.   Briefly describe technology used in flat panel display device                                (6)

 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 

  Q.9     a.   Write short notes on any TWO:                                                                     (8, 8)

 

(i)      Image Sampling

(ii)  Back face detection

                   (iii) CMY Color Model